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References for Induction Course
ARTC - Signalling Standards Induction and Assessment
Contains documents that are provided to support the applications of the signalling standards/procedures and work instructions. These may be applicable to design, construction, maintenance, training or materials.
Australia’s climate change strategies
A list of policies and programs to help Australia respond to climate change.
Bureau of Meteorology
The Bureau of Meteorology is Australia's national weather, climate and water agency. Its expertise and services assist Australians in dealing with the harsh realities of their natural environment, including drought, floods, fires, storms, tsunami and tropical cyclones
Court victory for two Waterfall policemen
TWO former policemen who rescued survivors of the Waterfall train disaster have won a significant High Court victory as they battle for compensation.
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)
The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (the EPBC Act) is the Australian Government’s central piece of environmental legislation. It provides a legal framework to protect and manage nationally and internationally important flora, fauna, ecological communities and heritage places
Generating Electricity
Electricity is generated using sources of energy. A great deal of the electricity in the UK is generated by using an energy source to heat water. The energy source can be fossil fuels, biomass or the sun. This type of powerstation is called a thermal power station.
Hazelwood power station closure
After 50 years supplying Victoria with cheap, brown coal-fired electricity, the Hazelwood power station and mine are closing down.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The IPCC provides regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation.
National Rail Safety Guideline – Management of Fatigue in Rail Safety Workers National Transport Commission June 2008
This national guideline is one of a series of six containing guidance for rail safety regulators, industry stakeholders and other parties about aspects of rail safety legislation.
Network Rail Video - Dangers of Railways and Electricity
Shocking footage shows dangers of railways and electricity.
Physiological effect of electric current
Physiologically, the difference between a normal burn and a burn caused by electricity is that electricity has the ability to burn tissue beneath the skin, even burning internal organs without apparent external evidence of it.
Recycling Electrical Equipment
Electronic waste (or e-waste) is a significant issue in Australia and a national waste priority. The volume of e-waste is growing three times faster than other waste stream. Used electronic equipment contains valuable resources such as precious metals and can be toxic to the environment if placed in landfill.
Review of the model WHS laws
Safe Work Australia appointed independent reviewer, Ms Marie Boland, to conduct the Review. The Review of the model WHS laws: Final report was provided to WHS ministers in December 2018 and published by Safe Work Australia on 25 February 2019.
Step and Touch Instrument For Transmission Line Crew Safety
Awareness of step and touch potential, caused by ground potential rise, is important for anyone working on high-voltage power transmission systems.
ARTC Procedure RSK-PR-001 Risk Management
The purpose of this procedure is to inform stakeholders of the ARTC process for the
management of risks and define the associated systems and tools available to assist in this
process.
Australian Energy Update 2020
This edition contains data to 2018–19 for Australian energy consumption, production and trade, and calendar year 2019 for electricity generation.
State of the climate 2018
This fifth, biennial State of the Climate report draws on the latest monitoring, science and projection information to describe
variability and changes in Australia’s climate. Observations and climate modelling paint a consistent picture of ongoing,
long‑term climate change interacting with underlying natural variability.
UEE11 Electrotechnology Training Package
The Electrotechnology industry is responsible for harnessing electricity to meet a huge variety of businesses and individual applications; ranging from traditional light and power to hardware platforms, networking automation, virtual enterprise, the internet and fibreoptics.
References for Assemble and Wire Internal Rail Signalling Equipment
A Comprehensive guide to Good Crimping Practice
This guide has been produced to help you achieve a perfectly crimped terminal or splice every time. The following pages illustrate the 'Do's' and 'Dont's' of using matched terminals and tooling from the extensive Cablecraft-CTT product ranges, coupled with advice on correct wire preparation and sizing.
ARTC - 2012 Engineering (Track and Civil) Code of Practice Section 7 – Clearances Version 2.4
ARTC, 2012 Engineering (Track and Civil) Code of Practice Section 7 – Clearances Version 2.4
Common Signals and Control Systems Equipment Requirements
From Transport Asset Standards Authority (T HR SC 01000 SP). This document is one of a set of standards developed solely and specifically for use on Transport Assets (as defined in the Asset Standards Authority Charter). It is not suitable for any other purpose.
Find Out About Asbestos
From the Asbestos Safety and Eradication Agency. Accessed 27th March, 2016. Australian Government Asbestos Safety and Eradication Agency. – Asbestos Information.
Inspection and Testing of Signalling – Standard Forms ESC-21-04
ESC2104F-03 Inspection and Testing of Signalling – Standard Forms
Power Cable Accessories for Rail Electrification
Company History - ETS (Portsmouth) Limited (trading as ETS Cable Components) was incorporated in 1988, when the company was based in Hilsea, Portsmouth. The original objective was to set up a business dedicated to providing excellent levels of stock and service for a defined range of power cable accessories.
Premier Victorian Rail Resource
Rail - Infrastructure - Locations - Morwell. Photos - Chris Gordon 2004 (from the Premier Victorian Rail Resource - this website aims to provide information on the current operations of Railways in Victoria).
PV-250 2-Element AC Vane Relay
SM4574B PV-250 2-Element AC Vane Relay 25Hz Part Number N322555-002 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Manual Ansaldo STS USA, Inc. 2013.
Q-Style BR930 Signalling Relays Brochure (PDF)
Mors Smitt Railway Technology Q-style BR930 signalling relays - V3.0 Feb 2022
Q-Series Relays' Datasheet 3A
Siemens Rail Automation Pty Ltd, 2014 – Datasheet 3A – Style Q Plug-in Relays
Quality Crimping Handbook (Order No. 63800-0029)
INTRODUCTION TO CRIMP TECHNOLOGY - Developed to replace the need to solder terminations, crimping technology provides a high quality connection between a terminal and a wire at a relatively low applied cost. The methods for applying crimp terminations depend on the application and volume, and range from hand-held devices to fully automated systems. Molex, 2009 Quality Crimping Handbook Order Number TM 638000029 Revision D Release date 04/09/2003, Revision date 23/12/09
Technical Note - TN 012: 2017
Clarification of design requirements for signalling plans, track insulation plans and ETCS design documentation. Railcorp, 2013 SPG0703 Signalling Documentation and Drawings Version 1.11.
Technical Note - TN 029:2017
Update to SPG 0705 Construction of Cable Routes and Signalling Civil Works, version 1.17. SPG 0705 Construction of Cable Routes and Signalling Civil Works Version 1.17 Issued 8 February 2013. Railcorp Transport for NSW.
TMG G1520 - Signalling Equipment Temperature Control Guidelines
Engineering Guideline Signals
Version 2.0
Issued September 2021
Reconfirmed 02 July 2019
VRIOGS 012.1 - Standard for Signalling Design and Documentation
VRIOGS 012.1 – Rev B - Public Transport Victoria. Standard for Signalling Design and Documentation
References for Train Detection Systems
Amplitude Modulation
From academo - An interactive demo which enables you to both see and hear the result of multiplying a sine wave with a cosine amplitude envelope.
Ansaldo SM-6470B Coded Track Circuit
SM 6470B Microtrax Coded Track Circuit Installation, Operation and Troubleshooting Revision 1 April 2008.
Union Switch and Signal.
Ansaldo STS Microlok II Startup, Troubleshooting, And Maintenance
Integrated Vital Interlocking, Coded Track Circuit, and Non-vital Code Line Controller.
SM-6800C - September 2000
Axle Counting system ACS2000
Using open and universal hardware interfaces allows integration of the ACS2000 simply and reliably into a wide range of different applications, including interlockings, level crossings, signalling systems etc.
D10012-02-1.1 Part II Systems Description of the Axle counter system ACS2000 Frauscher GmbH 20/2/2008.
Axle Counters vs Track Circuits – Safety in Track Vacancy Detection and Broken Rail Detection.
Axle counter systems and track circuit systems both provide for track vacancy detection (also referred to as train detection), but function in significantly different ways.
Blake A. Kozol and David F. Thurston.
Bombardier EBI Track 200 TI21 Audio Frequency Track Circuit Technical Manual
EBI Track 200 TI21 Audio Frequency Track Circuit.
Technical Manual M125401A4.
Scope: This manual covers non-electrified and double rail traction return applications. Single rail traction return applications are covered separately.
Issue 4: October 2011.
D1413-2e Application Guide for Wheel Sensor Type RSR180
D1413-2e Application Guide for wheel sensor type RSR180 Frauscher GmbH Sensortechnik 7/12/2006
DC Track Circuits (aka NR/PS/SIG/11755)
The contents of this Product Specification apply to both new and existing d.c. track circuit installations, and shall be read in conjunction with RT/E/S/11752. The following types of track circuit are included.
Publication Date: 1 December 2000
EBI Track 200 TI21 Audio Frequency Track Circuit
EBI Track 200 TI21 Audio Frequency Track Circuit
Technical Manual M125401A4
Scope: This manual covers non-electrified and double rail traction return applications. Single rail traction return applications are covered separately.
Issue 4: October 2011
Frauscher Advanced Counter FAdC
Thanks to the software interface, the axle counter FAdC can be optimally integrated into higher-level systems. This provides the highest flexibility in design. Both system integrators and railway operators benefit equally from significant advantages.
Future Challenges to Wheel Detection and Axle Counting
Future challenges to wheel detection and axle counting Martin Rosenberger Axle counting systems with inductive wheel sensors have established themselves with many railway operators worldwide as reliable and cost effective track vacancy detection systems.
Martin Rosenberger
General Information on Track Circuits
GKRC0752 Issue 1 - General information to ensure that the integrity of Track Circuits is maintained at all times. Published by Safety & Standard Directorate Railtrack.
Superseded By: GKRC0752 Issue 2
Installation & Instruction - Phase Shift Overlay III (PSOIII)
September 2002, Reviewed September 2014
DOCUMENT NO. SIG-00-00-19
VERSION A
Mechanical Linkage Between the Point Mechanism and the Treadle
From Wongm's Rail Gallery - Kuranda Scenic Railway.
Photographs of trains and railway infrastructure from around Victoria.
Microlok II System Description - Ansaldo STS
SM-6800A - September 2000.
this manual provides the following information on the Microlok II system:
System-level application and operational descriptions
Application and design technical specifications
System-specific configurations
System level and component specifications
Microtrax Coded Track Circuits - ESM-07-03
From Australian Rail Track Corporation Ltd.
Version 1.3
Date: 13 August 2010
This procedure defines the tests to be followed when carrying out routine maintenance, fault finding and attending to failures on Microtrax coded track circuits.
PSO 4000 - Phase Shift Overlay (PSO) Track Circuit (Rail Automation)
the Phase Shift Overlay (PSO) track circuit is used to provide track occupancy information for a train detection system. The PSO is a reliable and secure, microprocessor based, vital system for use in a variety of complex installations.
SDG 002 Circuit Design Standards Obsolete Signalling Circuits
SDG 002 Circuit Design Standards Obsolete Signalling Circuits - Version 1.9
1 February 2011.
Engineering Specification Signals
SPG 1602 - High Voltage Impulse Track Circuits
Engineering Specification
Signals - Equipment Specification
Version 1.1
Issued May 2010
Reconfirmed 02 July 2019
This Specification provides for the manufacture, supply and delivery of railway track
circuit equipment specifically designed to maintain train shunt over points, sidings and
yards in general.
Table 1: Application Areas of Track Circuits and Axle Counters
Benefits of modern train detection systems, Sommergruber, RAMS
Pages 2-3
Train Detection Principles
Tony Godber Presented at the IRSE Australasia Technical Meeting held in Perth, Western Australian 23rd July 2010. The paper was presented on basic signalling principles for the benefit of students attending the conference. Tony told the conference how a signalling system needed timely information on the position of trains to perform its safety critical functions of preventing collisions and derailments.
Treadle (railway)
From Wikipedia - In railway signalling, a treadle is a mechanical or electrical device that detects that a train wheel has passed a particular location. They are used where a track circuit requires reinforcing with additional information about a train's location, such as around an automatic level crossing, or in an annunciator circuit, which sounds a warning that a train has passed an exact point. They also serve as a critical backup in the case of track circuit failure. The important difference between a treadle and a track circuit is that while a track circuit detects a train over a distance as long as several kilometres, a treadle provides detection at a single fixed location.
WABCO Service Manual 6078 Audio Frequency Overlay Vs. DC Track Circuit
WABCO Service Manual 6078 Audio Frequency Overlay Vs DC Track Circuit Application Information March 1978 Westinghouse Air Brake Company Union Switch & Signal Division.
References for Introductory Principles
Australian Railway Historical Society
On 19th May 1933, six enthusiasts met in Sydney and formed the Great Railway Circle of Australia. In May 1936 the name was changed to Australian Railway and Locomotive Historical Society and further changed to Australian Railway Historical Society in 1951. Membership grew steadily and in 1945 a Division was formed in Victoria. Other Divisions were subsequently formed in the South Australia, Tasmania, Queensland, Western Australia and ACT.
Bluebell Railway Preservation Society
The volunteer-run Bluebell Railway was the UK’s first preserved standard gauge passenger railway, re-opening part of the Lewes to East Grinstead line of the old London Brighton & South Coast Railway in 1960. Since then it has developed into one of the largest tourist attractions in Sussex, yet it still remains true to its objectives of the preservation for posterity of a country branch line, its steam locomotives, coaches and goods stock, signaling systems, stations and operating practices.
Cogload Junction Photography - Cameron Walker
Welcome to my photographic site. Most photos captured now originate from the North West of England following a move from Somerset to Lancashire in 2015. Please feel free to browse through my pictures, and also check out the links page, to see work by the other folks that I have met in this hobby.
Flemington Station (Photo)
Flemington Car Sidings signal box shows the array of pistol grips to control the complex sidings and main line.
The Invention of the Track Circuit (eBook)
The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Invention of the Track Circuit (eBook) - This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Isle of Man Steam Railway Supporters' Association
The Isle of Man Steam Railway Supporters’ Association was formed in 1966, the year that the Isle of Man Railway was closed for 'essential track maintenance work', although the reality was due to dwindling receipts, mounting operating losses and no funds to replace or repair the worn out track, other infrastructure and locomotives.
Jan Ford's World (Blog)
Railway Signalling in Britain: Part 4 - Semaphore Signal Aspects by Night.
Rail Semaphore Signal - Dave F (Photo)
A British lower-quadrant semaphore stop signal with subsidiary arm below
Relays
A relay is a device used to switch larger currents or to create isolation. However basically a simple device, it requires some measures to utilize it properly.
Somersault Signal, Portrush Station (Photo)
Portrush up starting signal at the end of the platform on the right in C8540 : Portrush station. The signal is in the “off” position. The line is worked on the “one engine in steam” principle with the cabin C8540 : Portrush signal cabin switched out.
Stub Switch
A stub switch is a railroad track switch that lacks the tapered point rails of a conventional switch. Instead, both the movable rails and the ends of the rails of the diverging routes have their ends cut off square. The switch mechanism aligns the movable rails with the rails of one of the diverging routes.
Vintage Metal Storage Tins & Trays - Scaramanga UK
Shop vintage tins, metal storage tins and vintage trays online at Scaramanga. We stock a range of unique vintage pieces that will add that extra touch to your home.
Warwickshire Railways
This site is created for the railway enthusiast, local historian and railway modeller by fellow enthusiasts.
It is dedicated to the research, study and recording of the history of Warwickshire's railways from 1837 to circa 1970 and to publish and disseminate all such information through this website.
Australian Standards for Assemble and Wire Internal Rail Signalling Equipment
Australian Standards
- AS 2700 Colour Standards
- AS 2373.1 Multi-core Control Cables
- AS 1125 Conductors in Insulated Electric Cables and Flexible Cords
- AS 1768 Lightning Protection
- AS 3100 Approval and Test Specification – General Requirements for Electrical Equipment
- AS 5000 Electric Cables – Polymeric Insulated for Voltages up to and Including 0.6/1KV
- AS/ACIF S009 Installation Requirements for Customer Cabling
- AS/ANZ 3000 Electrical Installations
- AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 – Risk Management – Principles and Guidelines
References for Install and Maintain Track Circuit Leads and Bonds
References for Jointed Track Circuit
Axle Counters vs. Track Circuits – Safety in Track Vacancy Detection and Broken Rail Detection
The term “axle counters” refers to subsystems which are utilized for track vacancy detection on fixed-guide way transport systems such as railways.
Authors: Blake A. Kozol & David F. Thurston
DC Track Circuits
This Line Specification states the minimum requirements for d.c. track circuits.
It includes life-cycle requirements from design, safety and environmental
through to installation, testing and maintenance. NR/PS/SIG/11755 Issue 1 December 2000. DC Track Circuits. Network Rail.
General Information on Track Circuits - GK/RC 0752 Code of Practice Issue One - August1994
This Approved code of Practice gives details of best practice in respect of track circuits in general, in order to receive the requirements of GKIRT 0251. GK/RC 0752 Code of Practice Issue One August 1994.
Hunter Valley Infrastructure Performance Report - January 2016.
This Annual Environmental Review (Annual Review) reports on the environmental performance of
Hunter Valley Operations (HVO) during the 2016 calendar year and satisfies the requirements of the Hunter Valley Operations (HVO) Development Consents and Mining Leases.
Mechanical Linkage Between the Point Mechanism and the Treadle
From Wongm's Rail Gallery - Kuranda Scenic Railway.
Photographs of trains and railway infrastructure from around Victoria.
Rail Head Contamination and Track Circuit Reliability.
Conference: AusRAIL PLUS December 2007, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Abstract The issue of track circuit reliability in circumstances of infrequent rail traffic has been of concern for some time, due to the potential for increasing rail head contamination to impact on the operation of track circuits. This is particularly the case when considering active level crossing protection in infrequent traffic areas, where the correct operation of the approach track circuit is critical to the initiation of the crossing protection and in providing the required duration of warning to road traffic.
SDG 002 - Circuit Design Standards Obsolete Signalling Circuits
Version 1.9
Issued 1 February 2011
These circuit standards are not to be used for new works. However, where there are alterations to existing installations, these documents may assist in establishing circuit principles that apply for that installation. Where there is not doubt as to the standard to be used consult the chief engineer signals for advice.
SPG 1602 - High Voltage Impulse Track Circuits
Engineering Specification Signals - this Specification provides for the manufacture, supply and delivery of railway track
circuit equipment specifically designed to maintain train shunt over points, sidings and
yards in general.
Version 1.1
Issued May 2010
Reconfirmed 02 July 2019
TMG 1350 - DC Track Circuits Set Up, Test and Certification
RailCorp Engineering Manual — Signals. set to Work Manual,
This instruction describes step-by-step procedures for the commissioning of DC track circuits, in typical RailCorp installations. The procedure covers commissioning of
standard DC track circuits, and also DC tracks using the BRB style TR17 track feed set. The commissioning of AC Immune DC track circuits is described in a separate procedure.
Version 1.1
Issued March 2013
TMG 1352 - Jeumont Schneider Impulse Track circuits Set Up and Adjustment Procedure (Version 1.2)
Version 1.2 - Issued May 2013.
his procedure describes the activities involved in commissioning and certifying Jeumont Schneider high-voltage impulse track circuits, in a typical RailCorp installation.
TMG E1360 - Jeumont Schneider Track circuits
engineering Manual Signals - RailCorp. This manual provides the information required by field staff for the purpose of installation, maintenance and fault finding on Jeumont Schneider pulse type track circuits. These track circuits are used on sections of line where the correct shunting of the track circuit
can be at risk due to rust, scale, coal dust or sand contaminating the rail surface.
Version 1.1
Issued May 2010
Train Detection Principles
Tony Godber Presented at the IRSE Australasia Technical Meeting held in Perth, Western Australian 23rd July 2010. The paper was presented on basic signalling principles for the benefit of students attending the conference. Tony told the conference how a signalling system needed timely information on the position of trains to perform its safety critical functions of preventing collisions and derailments.
