Note: Aliases (Screen names) may be used in place of the Author Surname
Blog Post
Reference list entry
Author Surname, Initial(s). (Year, Month Day of post). Title of blog post. Blog Name in italics. URL
This American Life. (2018, December 28). The room of requirement. This American Life. https://www.thisamericanlife.org/664/the-room-of-requirement
In-text citation
(Author Surname, Year)
(This American Life, 2018)
Blog Comment
Reference list entry
Author Surname, Initial(s). (Year, Month Day of comment). Re: Original Blog Post. URL
Andrewp3. (2016, March 12). Re: A warming earth is making it harder to study Mars.
https://www.wired.com/2016/12/warming-earth-making-harder-study-mars/
In-text citation
(Author Surname,Year of Post, para. no.)
..."wish we knew whether or not Mars is lifeless...." (Andrewp3, 2016, para 7.).
Note: Title is not italicised
Private Facebook posts are treated as Personal Communication (see "Other Sources" tab) but Public Facebook pages require references.
Note: Aliases (Screen names) may be used in place of the Author's Surname
Reference list entry
Author Surname, Initial(s). or Organisation [username]. (Year). Content of the post up to the first 20 words in italics [Description]. Site Name. Retrieved Month Day, Year from URL
Gaiman, N. (2019). Stories are an essential part of who we are. They can tell us more about ourselves and our world that anything else can [Video]. Facebook. Retrieved January 30, 2019 from https://www.facebook.com/neilgaiman/videos/210894339761745
Note: Titles are italicised. Delete the rest of the web address after the number string.
In-text citation
(Author Name, Year)
(Gaiman, 2019)
Reference list entry
Name [@username]. (Year, Month Day). Title post in italic [Description]. Source. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL
APA Style [@officialapastyle]. (2018). Welcome to the official Instagram for #APAStyle! We’re here to help you with your APA Style questions [Photographs]. Instagram. Retrieved December 5, 2018, from https://www.instagram.com/p/Bq-A-dvBLiH/
In-text citation
(Name, Year of post)
Name (Year of post)
(APA Style, 2018)
Or
APA Style (2018)
(APA Style, 2018)
LinkedIn post
Reference list entry
Author Surname, Initial(s). or Organisation [Username]. (year, Month day posted). Content of the post up to the first 20 words in italics [Description]. Source. URL
LinkedIn profile or page
Reference list entry
Author Surname, Initial(s). or Organisation [username]. (Year). Title of page in italics [Description]. Source. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL
In-text citation
(Author Surname, Year).
Or
Author Surname (Year) posts about...
For online forum posts, use both the author's real name and their screen name in brackets. If their real name is not known use the screen name without the bracket.
Reference list entry
Author Surname. Initial. [screen name]. (Year, Month Day of Post), Title of the post, up to the first 20 words [Online forum post]. Site name. URL
theluckyfrog. (2024, April 10). Portugal heat wave pushing thermometers to 30°C [Online forum post]. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/news/comments/1c01pbd/portugal_heat_wave_pushing_thermometers_to_30%C2%BAc/
In-text citation
(Author name, Year)
Author name (2024)
(theluckyfrog, 2024)
Or
theluckyfrog (2024)
Reference list entry
Creator. (Year). Title of software or Program (Version number) [Mobile app]. Publisher Name or App Store. URL
Skyscape. (2013). Skyscape medical resources (Version 1.17.42) [Mobile app]. App Store. https://itunes.apple.com
In-text citation
(Creator, Year)
(Skyscape, 2013)
Note: Aliases (Screen names) may be used in place of the Author Surname
Reference list entry
Author Surname, Initial [@username]. (Year, Month Day). Title of post [Tweet]. Site Name. URL
Reuters Top News [@ Reuters]. (2016, November 1). Inside David Bowie's art collection [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/i/moments/79357609028915200
In-text citation
(Author Surname, Year) OR Author Surname (Year)
(Reuters Top News, 2016) OR Reuters Top News (2016)...
Note: Title (in italics). Use the content of the Tweet up to the first 20 words.