APA Referencing: Books & eBooks

In-Text

(Author Surname & Author Surname, Publication Year) OR (Author Surname & Author Surname, Publication Year, page)

(Martin & Snow, 2009) OR (Martin & Snow, 2009, p. 5)

Note:

• Always cite both names every time  you use the source in the text.
• When the authors' names are incorporated as part of the written text the "&" is replaced with "and".  e.g. Martin and Snow (2009, p. 5) argue that...

Reference List

Author Surname, Initial/s., & Author Surname, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Martin, B., & Snow, T. (2009). Ageing and health: A practical approach to policy planning in Australia. Longman Cheshire.

In-Text

(Author Surname et al., Publication Year) OR (Author Surname et al., Publication Year, page)

(Hoffert et al., 1998, p. 300) (Hoffert et al., 1998) 

Note:

• Only use the first author followed by the abbreviation et al. The full stop must be included as it is an abbreviation.

• ‘Et al’ is an abbreviation of the Latin term et alia meaning “and others”.

Reference List

Author Surnames, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Hoffert, B., James, W., Love, L., Bak, H., & Modesti, A. (1998). History of fashion design. Longman.

Note:

• For up to 20 authors, all the authors' names must be listed in the reference list.
• When the work has more than 20 authors, list the first 19 authors, followed by an an ellipsis (...) and then list the last author.

In-Text

(Author Surname, Publication Year) OR (Author Surname, Publication Year, page)

(Harvey, 2008) OR (Harvey, 2008, p. 9)

Reference List

Author Surname, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle (edition statement.). Publisher.

Harvey, J. (2008). Principles of refrigeration (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Murphy, D. (2007). Theory of computing systems (Rev. ed.). Miller Freeman.

Gerrig, R. J., Zimbardo, P. G., Campbell, A. J., Cumming, S. R., & Wilkes, F. J. (2012). Psychology and life (2nd Australasian ed.). Pearson Australia.

In-Text

(Title, Publication Year) OR (Title, Publication Year, page)

(HR professionals, 2007) OR (HR professionals, 2007, p.25)

Note:

• When a work has no identified author, the title may be used in the author position.  
• Longer titles may be shortened to a minimum of three words where possible.
• If the title is in italics in the reference list, the in-text reference must also be in italics.

Reference List

Title: Subtitle. (Publication Year). Publisher.

HR professionals: Job seeking made easy. (2007). Harper Collins.

Corporate or Group authors can include government agencies, associations, charity organisations, health organisations, companies etc. More information on citing specific government sources can be found at the tab above.

In-Text

(Corporate Author, Publication Year) OR (Corporate Author, Publication Year, page)

(Master Builders Association of Western Australia, 2008) OR (Master Builders Association of Western Australia, 2008, p. 10)

(World Health Organisation [WHO], 2021) and thereafter, (WHO, 2021)

(Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2015) and thereafter, (ABS, 2015)

Note:

• Organisation names can be abbreviated if the abbreviation is commonly used, but must be given in full the first time they are referenced, with the abbreviation in square brackets. 
  • In subsequent references, the abbreviation can be used. The abbreviation is not included in the reference list citation.

Reference List

Corporate Author. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher.

World Health Organisation. (2021). Measuring energy access: A guide to collecting data using the core questions on household energy use. World Bank.

Master Builders Association of Western Australia. (2008). Commercial construction waste management guide.

Note:

• Where the corporate author is also the publisher, omit the publisher details.

BOOK EDITED (no chapter authors)

In-Text

(Editor Surname, Publication Year) OR (Editor Surname, Publication Year, page)

(Healey, 2014) OR (Healey, 2014, p. 5)

Reference List

Editor Surname, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Healey, J. (Ed.). (2014). Gender discrimination and inequality. Spinney Press.

Carlton, B., & Francis, H. (Eds.). (2008). Design of portal frame buildings. Guildford Press.

Note:

• Where there are no specified chapter authors, use the editors’ names in the author position, followed by the abbreviation (Eds.) in parentheses following the last editor’s name. The full stop is placed after the closing parenthesis.

In-Text

(Author Surname, Publication Year) OR (Author Surname, Publication Year, page)

(Scobie & Samaras, 2014) OR (Scobie & Samaras, 2014, p. 50)

Reference List

Author Surname, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher.

Author Surname, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Title: Subtitle. Publisher. DOI or URL

Scobie, I.N., & Samaras, K. (2014). Fast facts: Diabetes mellitus (5th ed.). Health Press Limited.

Avant, T. (2011). 10 mistakes network marketers make when social marketing. Free-Ebooks.net. http://www.free-ebooks.net/ebook/10-Mistakes- Network

-Marketers-Make-When-Social-Marketing

Note:

• Use the same format as for print books.
• The format, platform, or device is not included.
• If the book has a DOI, include the DOI after the publisher’s name.
• If the eBook is from a library database and has no DOI or permalink URL, end the reference after the publisher. Do not include the name of the database.
• Only include library database information if it is the only source of the eBook.

DICTIONARY - PRINT

In-Text

(Corporate Author, Publication Year) OR (Corporate Author, Publication Year, page)

(Entry Title, Publication Year) OR (Entry Title, Publication Year, page)

(Macquarie Library, 1990) OR (Macquarie Library, 1990, p. 10)

(Engender, 1984) OR (Engender, 1984, p.  233)

Reference List

Corporate Author. (Publication Year). Entry title. In Dictionary Title. (page number). Publisher.

Entry Title. (Publication Year). In Dictionary Title. (page number). Publisher.

Macquarie Library. (1990). Addax. In The Macquarie encyclopedic dictionary. (p. 10).

Engender. (1984). In The Australian pocket Oxford dictionary (2nd ed., p. 233). Oxford University Press.

Note:

• Use the same format as for print books.
• When an entry has no identified author, the entry title may be used in the author position.  
• Provide the page number for the entry in parentheses after the title of the dictionary.
• When both an edition and page number are present, place them in the same set of parentheses, separated with a comma.
• When the author and publisher are the same omit the publisher details.

ENCYCLOPAEDIA - PRINT

In-Text

(Corporate Author, Publication Year) OR (Corporate Author, Publication Year, page)

(Entry Title, Publication Year) OR (Entry Title, Publication Year, page)

Use the same format as for print dictionaries and books.

Reference List

Author Surname, Initial/s. (Publication Year). Entry title. In Encyclopaedia title. Publisher.

Corporate Author. (Publication Year) Entry Title. In Encyclopaedia title (volume number, page numbers). Publisher.

Robinson, J. (2009). The principles of genetics and heredity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 19. pp. 699-740). Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopaedia Britannica. (1987). Mental disorders and their treatment. In The new encyclopaedia Britannica (Vol. 23, pp. 956-975).

Note:

• Use the same format as for print dictionaries and books.
• When an entry has no identified author, the entry title may be used in the author position.  
• Provide the page numbers for the entry in parentheses after the title of the encyclopaedia.
• For multi-volume works include the volume number with page numbers, and place them in the same set of parentheses, separated with a comma.
• When the author and publisher are the same omit the publisher details.

Definitions:

Primary Source: reports original content, research and ideas (original work).

Secondary Source: authors writing about or referring to the original content, research and ideas first reported in the primary source.

Quoting from a Secondary Source

• Use only if the primary source is unavailable. It is good practice to find the primary source, read it, and reference it directly rather than referencing your secondary source.
• When using a quote/research from an author referred to in the source you are reading (secondary source), the secondary source is included in the reference list. 
• Within your text identify the primary source and then write "as cited in" the secondary source that you used.
• Only include the source that you have used in your reference list.
• If the year of publication of the primary source is known, also include it in the in-text reference.

In-Text Example

If Grant’s research is cited in Miller, but you have not read the original Grant research, then you should include Miller in your reference list, and use ‘as cited in’ in your in-text citation.

• The original diary (Grant, as cited in Miller, 2006, p. 3)
• Grants's diary (as cited in Miller, 2006)